Artichoke - Recent Research Findings
on atherosclerosis, endothelial
dysfunction, irritable bowel syndrome
and dyspepsia
on atherosclerosis, endothelial
dysfunction, irritable bowel syndrome
and dyspepsia
Background
Artichoke is found in South Europe, North Africa, and the Canary
Islands. It has been used in connection with high cholesterol and
indigestion for decades. For instance, Ancient Greeks and Romans used
artichoke as a digestive aid.
Recent Research Findings
1.Artichoke contains a Milk-Clotting Aspartic Proteinase. The
study of proteinase expression in crude extracts from different organs of
the globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) disclosed that enzymes with
proteolytic and milk-clotting activity are mainly located in mature flowers.
Maximum proteolytic activity is at pH 5.0, and only pepstatin presents a
significant inhibitory effect. Such properties suggest that this crude
protease extract is potentially useful for cheese production. [Llorente BE,
Brutti CB, J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Dec 29;52(26):8182-9.]
2.Artichoke juice improves endothelial function in hyperlipemia.
[Lupattelli G, Marchesi S, Lombardini R, Roscini AR, Trinca F, Gemelli
F, Vaudo G, Mannarino E, Life Sci. 2004 Dec 31;76(7):775-82].
Shimoda et al reported Anti-hyperlipidemic sesquiterpenes and new
sesquiterpene glycosides from the leaves of artichoke (Cynara scolymus
L.) in 2003. [Shimoda et al, Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2003 Jan
20;13(2):223-8]
3.Phenolic compounds from the leaf extract of artichoke (Cynara
scolymus L.) are related to their antimicrobial activities [Zhu X,
Zhang H, Lo R, J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Dec 1;52(24):7272-8]
4.Artichoke leaf extract reduces symptoms of irritable bowel
syndrome and improves quality of life in otherwise healthy volunteers
suffering from concomitant dyspepsia: a subset analysis [Bundy R,
Walker AF, Middleton RW, Marakis G, Booth JC, J Altern
Complement Med. 2004 Aug;10(4):667-9].
5.Grande S et al suggested suggest that regular intake of bioactive
compounds from Mediterranean wild plants contributes to
maintenance of proper vasomotion and to the low incidence of
atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction recorded in the
Mediterranean area [Grande S et al, J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Aug
11;52(16):5021-6].
6.Schutz K et al stated that artichoke pomace is a promising source
of phenolic compounds that might be recovered and used as
natural antioxidants or functional food ingredients. Schutz K et al [J
Agric Food Chem. 2004 Jun 30;52(13):4090-6]. Wang M et al also
have a similar report [Wang M et al, J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jan
29;51(3):601-8]. Zapolska-Downar D et al reported artichoke
antioidative stress in 2002. [Zapolska-Downar D et al, Life Sci. 2002
Nov 1;71(24):2897-08].
7.Holtmann G et al suggested the application of artichoke leaf extract
in the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia (from aa
six-week placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicentre trial). Holtmann G
et al [Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Dec;18(11-12):1099-105].
Marakis G has a similar report. [Phytomedicine. 2002 Dec;9(8):694-9].
8.Ingestion of artichoke may cause acute enlargement (edema) of
tongue. [Gadban H, Gilbey P, Talmon Y, Samet A, Ann Otol Rhinol
Laryngol. 2003 Jul;112(7):651-3].
9.Choleretic activity and biliary elimination of lipids and bile acids
induced by an artichoke leaf extract in rats [Saenz Rodriguez T et al,
Phytomedicine. 2002 Dec;9(8):687-93] Gebhardt R. suggested extracts
of artichoke (Cynara scolymus) leaves could prevent
taurolithocholate-induced hepatic bile canalicular distortions
[Planta Med. 2002 Sep;68(9):776-9].
Artichoke is found in South Europe, North Africa, and the Canary
Islands. It has been used in connection with high cholesterol and
indigestion for decades. For instance, Ancient Greeks and Romans used
artichoke as a digestive aid.
Recent Research Findings
1.Artichoke contains a Milk-Clotting Aspartic Proteinase. The
study of proteinase expression in crude extracts from different organs of
the globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) disclosed that enzymes with
proteolytic and milk-clotting activity are mainly located in mature flowers.
Maximum proteolytic activity is at pH 5.0, and only pepstatin presents a
significant inhibitory effect. Such properties suggest that this crude
protease extract is potentially useful for cheese production. [Llorente BE,
Brutti CB, J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Dec 29;52(26):8182-9.]
2.Artichoke juice improves endothelial function in hyperlipemia.
[Lupattelli G, Marchesi S, Lombardini R, Roscini AR, Trinca F, Gemelli
F, Vaudo G, Mannarino E, Life Sci. 2004 Dec 31;76(7):775-82].
Shimoda et al reported Anti-hyperlipidemic sesquiterpenes and new
sesquiterpene glycosides from the leaves of artichoke (Cynara scolymus
L.) in 2003. [Shimoda et al, Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2003 Jan
20;13(2):223-8]
3.Phenolic compounds from the leaf extract of artichoke (Cynara
scolymus L.) are related to their antimicrobial activities [Zhu X,
Zhang H, Lo R, J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Dec 1;52(24):7272-8]
4.Artichoke leaf extract reduces symptoms of irritable bowel
syndrome and improves quality of life in otherwise healthy volunteers
suffering from concomitant dyspepsia: a subset analysis [Bundy R,
Walker AF, Middleton RW, Marakis G, Booth JC, J Altern
Complement Med. 2004 Aug;10(4):667-9].
5.Grande S et al suggested suggest that regular intake of bioactive
compounds from Mediterranean wild plants contributes to
maintenance of proper vasomotion and to the low incidence of
atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction recorded in the
Mediterranean area [Grande S et al, J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Aug
11;52(16):5021-6].
6.Schutz K et al stated that artichoke pomace is a promising source
of phenolic compounds that might be recovered and used as
natural antioxidants or functional food ingredients. Schutz K et al [J
Agric Food Chem. 2004 Jun 30;52(13):4090-6]. Wang M et al also
have a similar report [Wang M et al, J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jan
29;51(3):601-8]. Zapolska-Downar D et al reported artichoke
antioidative stress in 2002. [Zapolska-Downar D et al, Life Sci. 2002
Nov 1;71(24):2897-08].
7.Holtmann G et al suggested the application of artichoke leaf extract
in the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia (from aa
six-week placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicentre trial). Holtmann G
et al [Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Dec;18(11-12):1099-105].
Marakis G has a similar report. [Phytomedicine. 2002 Dec;9(8):694-9].
8.Ingestion of artichoke may cause acute enlargement (edema) of
tongue. [Gadban H, Gilbey P, Talmon Y, Samet A, Ann Otol Rhinol
Laryngol. 2003 Jul;112(7):651-3].
9.Choleretic activity and biliary elimination of lipids and bile acids
induced by an artichoke leaf extract in rats [Saenz Rodriguez T et al,
Phytomedicine. 2002 Dec;9(8):687-93] Gebhardt R. suggested extracts
of artichoke (Cynara scolymus) leaves could prevent
taurolithocholate-induced hepatic bile canalicular distortions
[Planta Med. 2002 Sep;68(9):776-9].
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FORMS OF PUBLICATIONS. Privacy Policy. ARTICLE INDEX
PHYTONUTRIENTS AND DRUG PRODUCTS. THIS WEBSITE ALSO TALKS ABOUT SOME POPULAR HEALTH ISSUES AND DISEASES.
ARTICLES IN THIS WEB SITE IS FOR YOUR REFERENCE ONLY. IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTION, YOU SHOULD CONSULT WITH YOUR
DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2008. DO NOT COPY NOR TRANSFER ARTICLES TO OTHER WEBSITES NOR OTHER
FORMS OF PUBLICATIONS. Privacy Policy. ARTICLE INDEX
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