Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) & Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)
The foods you buy in the market today are almost guaranteed not to contain any (or very little) of the essential
fatty acids (EFA's) that are typically found in fats and oils. The two largest categories of fatty acids are best
recognized as the Omega 3 and Omega 6 groups. Both of these essential fatty acid groups are vital for good
health. They both perform slightly different functions in the body, most of which are essential for optimal health!
Essential fatty acids like EPA and DHA are derived from different sources, and are a part of several chains of
metabolic events in the body that prevents disease, assist the transport and uptake of oxygen, maintain brain
function, maintain the immune system, cardiovascular health and keep hormone levels where they should be as
we age. Essential fatty acids deficiencies in today's society are directly associated with cardiovascular disease,
cancer, diabetes, multiple sclerosis and other degenerative conditions.
The proportion of these essential fatty acid's in the diet has become very unbalanced toward the Omega 6 side
of the scale. This has led to a host of sub-clinical disease states that range from hormonal disruptions to
immune dysfunction. The proper balance/ratio of these nutrients is imperative for optimal health. Omega 6 and
Omega 3 essential fatty acids are best consumed in a ratio of about 3:1; that is: three omega 6 to one omega 3.
Omega 6 Fatty Acids (e.g. linoleic acid) These essential fatty acids's are in polyunsaturated fats and are
found in unrefined safflower, corn, meat, sesame and sunflower oils.
Omega 3 Fatty Acids (e.g. alpha-linolenic acid) Found in oily fish, linseed or flax oil, hemp oil, soybean oil,
pumpkin seeds, walnuts, dark green vegetables.
The diet in the west ranges from between 10 - 20 to 1 in favor of omega 6, which is not good for health. We are
eating too much omega 6 fat and not enough omega 3 fats. This increase and excessive intake of omega 6 can
cause increased water retention, raised blood pressure, an increase in allergic responses and increased blood
clotting. Studies have shown that taking EPA+DHA everyday significantly reduces deaths from heart disease.
Commercial natural marine lipid concentrate provides a dietary source of the valuable Omega-3 fatty acids,
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The most recent research has revealed
important new evidence that a balanced combination of these marine lipids in the diet improved overall health by
helping to nutritionally support the natural control of blood lipids, such as cholesterol. This helps to protect
against heart disease, improves endocrine function and at the same time supports many enzyme functions in
the body, which play a key role in neurological functions as well.
Benefits
� Decreases risk of arrhythmias, which can lead to sudden cardiac death
� Decreases triglyceride levels
� Decreases growth rate of atherosclerotic plaque
� Can slightly lower blood pressure
� Helps to protect against heart disease
� Helps improves endocrine function
� Improves overall health by helping to nutritionally support the natural control of blood lipids, such as
cholesterol
References and Recent Research Findings
Anti-tumor Effect
Leitzmann et al followed a cohort of 47 866 US men aged 40-75 with no cancer history in 1986 for 14 years.
During this period, 2965 new cases of total prostate cancer were ascertained, 448 of which were at advanced
level. They found that eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid intakes were related to lower prostate
cancer risk.
[Reference Dietary intake of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and the risk of prostate cancer. Leitzmann et al, NIH, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Jul;80(1):204-16.]
Anti-stress, Anti-inflammatory and Anti-anxiety Effects
Song et al fed groups of rats with various combinations of coconut oil, soy bean oil and eicosapentaenoic acid.
They then induced stress to the rats; they found that food enriched with ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid
significantly attenuated most of the stress-responses, such as reduced body weight, reduced time spent on
maze... [Dietary ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid but not soybean oil reverses central interleukin-1-induced changes
in behavior, corticosterone and immune response in rats. Song et al, University of British Columbia, Canada.
Stress. 2004 Mar;7(1):43-54.]
Protection from Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
Wijendran et al reviewed epidemiological and clinical studies and concluded that the n-6 fatty acid, linoleic acid
(LA), and the n-3 fatty acid, linolenic acid (LNA), eicosapentaenoic acid and DHA collectively protect against
CHD. LA rdownregulates LDL-C production and enhances its clearance. On the other hand, n-3 fatty acids,
eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic aAcid, are potent antiarryhthmic agents. Eicosapentaenoic Acid
and Docosahexaenoic Acid also improve vascular endothelial function and help lower blood pressure, platelet
sensitivity, and the serum triglyceride level. [Dietary n-6 and n-3 fatty acid balance and cardiovascular health.
Wijendran et al. Brandeis University, USA. Annu Rev Nutr. 2004;24:597-615.]
This article is for your reference. Talk to your doctor for any question or before taking any supplement. ALL
RIGHTS RESERVED 2013
fatty acids (EFA's) that are typically found in fats and oils. The two largest categories of fatty acids are best
recognized as the Omega 3 and Omega 6 groups. Both of these essential fatty acid groups are vital for good
health. They both perform slightly different functions in the body, most of which are essential for optimal health!
Essential fatty acids like EPA and DHA are derived from different sources, and are a part of several chains of
metabolic events in the body that prevents disease, assist the transport and uptake of oxygen, maintain brain
function, maintain the immune system, cardiovascular health and keep hormone levels where they should be as
we age. Essential fatty acids deficiencies in today's society are directly associated with cardiovascular disease,
cancer, diabetes, multiple sclerosis and other degenerative conditions.
The proportion of these essential fatty acid's in the diet has become very unbalanced toward the Omega 6 side
of the scale. This has led to a host of sub-clinical disease states that range from hormonal disruptions to
immune dysfunction. The proper balance/ratio of these nutrients is imperative for optimal health. Omega 6 and
Omega 3 essential fatty acids are best consumed in a ratio of about 3:1; that is: three omega 6 to one omega 3.
Omega 6 Fatty Acids (e.g. linoleic acid) These essential fatty acids's are in polyunsaturated fats and are
found in unrefined safflower, corn, meat, sesame and sunflower oils.
Omega 3 Fatty Acids (e.g. alpha-linolenic acid) Found in oily fish, linseed or flax oil, hemp oil, soybean oil,
pumpkin seeds, walnuts, dark green vegetables.
The diet in the west ranges from between 10 - 20 to 1 in favor of omega 6, which is not good for health. We are
eating too much omega 6 fat and not enough omega 3 fats. This increase and excessive intake of omega 6 can
cause increased water retention, raised blood pressure, an increase in allergic responses and increased blood
clotting. Studies have shown that taking EPA+DHA everyday significantly reduces deaths from heart disease.
Commercial natural marine lipid concentrate provides a dietary source of the valuable Omega-3 fatty acids,
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The most recent research has revealed
important new evidence that a balanced combination of these marine lipids in the diet improved overall health by
helping to nutritionally support the natural control of blood lipids, such as cholesterol. This helps to protect
against heart disease, improves endocrine function and at the same time supports many enzyme functions in
the body, which play a key role in neurological functions as well.
Benefits
� Decreases risk of arrhythmias, which can lead to sudden cardiac death
� Decreases triglyceride levels
� Decreases growth rate of atherosclerotic plaque
� Can slightly lower blood pressure
� Helps to protect against heart disease
� Helps improves endocrine function
� Improves overall health by helping to nutritionally support the natural control of blood lipids, such as
cholesterol
References and Recent Research Findings
Anti-tumor Effect
Leitzmann et al followed a cohort of 47 866 US men aged 40-75 with no cancer history in 1986 for 14 years.
During this period, 2965 new cases of total prostate cancer were ascertained, 448 of which were at advanced
level. They found that eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid intakes were related to lower prostate
cancer risk.
[Reference Dietary intake of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and the risk of prostate cancer. Leitzmann et al, NIH, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Jul;80(1):204-16.]
Anti-stress, Anti-inflammatory and Anti-anxiety Effects
Song et al fed groups of rats with various combinations of coconut oil, soy bean oil and eicosapentaenoic acid.
They then induced stress to the rats; they found that food enriched with ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid
significantly attenuated most of the stress-responses, such as reduced body weight, reduced time spent on
maze... [Dietary ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid but not soybean oil reverses central interleukin-1-induced changes
in behavior, corticosterone and immune response in rats. Song et al, University of British Columbia, Canada.
Stress. 2004 Mar;7(1):43-54.]
Protection from Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
Wijendran et al reviewed epidemiological and clinical studies and concluded that the n-6 fatty acid, linoleic acid
(LA), and the n-3 fatty acid, linolenic acid (LNA), eicosapentaenoic acid and DHA collectively protect against
CHD. LA rdownregulates LDL-C production and enhances its clearance. On the other hand, n-3 fatty acids,
eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic aAcid, are potent antiarryhthmic agents. Eicosapentaenoic Acid
and Docosahexaenoic Acid also improve vascular endothelial function and help lower blood pressure, platelet
sensitivity, and the serum triglyceride level. [Dietary n-6 and n-3 fatty acid balance and cardiovascular health.
Wijendran et al. Brandeis University, USA. Annu Rev Nutr. 2004;24:597-615.]
This article is for your reference. Talk to your doctor for any question or before taking any supplement. ALL
RIGHTS RESERVED 2013
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