Rhodiola
rosea (hong jing tian, 紅 景 天), Radix Thodiolae, Flos Thodiolae, Herb Thodiolae Rhodiola Rosea golden
root, rose-rootroot, extract, rhizome benefits, side effects, research findings
. zhion@zhoin.com
rosea (hong jing tian, 紅 景 天), Radix Thodiolae, Flos Thodiolae, Herb Thodiolae Rhodiola Rosea golden
root, rose-rootroot, extract, rhizome benefits, side effects, research findings
. zhion@zhoin.com
| WHAT IS THE USE OF RHODIOLA? Rhodiola (Rhodiola rosea) has been used in traditional medicine as a means to stimulate the nervous system, decrease depression and fatigue for centuries in Eastern Europe and Asia. It is also used to help prevent high altitude sickness. Because of multiple uses, it is also known as "golden root".. |
| Researchers classify Rhodiola as an adaptogen. Basically, adaptogen is an agent increases in power of resistance against multiple stressors and helps the body to reassume homeostasis. To do this, Rhodiola promotes the release of certain neurotransmitters responsible for feelings of well-being, as well as regulating hormone production in response to stress including oxidative damage by free radicals. It also appears to increase the permeability of the blood-brain barrier to neurotransmitter precursors, aiding and even increasing their beneficial effects. In fact, scientists have studied rhodiola extensively in the last few years and they found this herb may have multiple health benefits. |
WHAT ARE THE HEALTH BENEFITS OF RHODIOLA?
Rhodiola Rosea Extract prevents ischemic brain damage
development; research finds.
Pogorelyi VE et al, State Pharmaceutical Academy, Russia stated that Rhodiola
Rosea extract could prevent the ischemic brain damage development in their
article. They further suggested that a course administration of the drug in a dose
of 700 mg/kg arrested the development of hyper- and hypoperfusion in cerebral
circulation, weakened the postischemic hyperglycemic reaction, lowered oxygen
extraction by cerebral tissues, suppressed lactate acidosis, promoted pyruvate
participation in metabolic processes inhibits edema swelling, prevented the
"calcium paradox" development, and decreaseed manifestations of the lipid
peroxidation processes. [Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2002 Jul-Aug;65(4):19-22].
Rhodiola Rosea works as an adaptogen
Korean and Russian scientists have done a lot of studies to find out how rhodiola
benefits on cognitive functions:
Spasov AA et al, Volgograd Medical Academy, Russia, investigated the stimulating
and normalizing effect of the adaptogen Rhodiola rosea extract SHR-5 in foreign
students during a stressful examination period using a double-blind,
placebo-controlled pilot study . The students took the extract and placebo for 20
days during an examination period. They concluded that the extract gave
significant results.[ Phytomedicine. 2000 Apr;7(2):85-9]
Mook-Jung I et al, Ajou University School of Medicine, Korea. tested the
constituents of Rhodiola sacra S. H. Fu and R. sachalinensis A. BOR for their
neuroprotective effects. They found that a few constituents had considerable
protective effects against beta-amyloid-induced death of B103 neuronal cells in
vitro. These compounds also showed protective effects against
staurosporine-induced cell death, and two of them protected neurons from
H2O2-induced cell death. They thought that these compounds might protect
neurons from beta-amyloid toxicity based on antiapoptotic and antioxidative
activity [Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Aug;25(8):1101-4
Rhodiolia helps prevent cancer; research finds
Razina TG et al, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russia, inoculated mice
with with metastasing Lewis lung carcinoma. They then found that the extracts of
Baikal scullcap (Scutellaria baikalensis), rhodiola (Rhodiola rosea), common licorice
(Glycyrrhiza glabra) potentiated the antitumor and antimetastatic effects of
cyclophosphan (cyclophosphamide) [Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2000
Sep-Oct;63(5):59-61].
Salikhova RA et al, studied the effect of the Rhodiola rosea extracts on
chromosome aberrations, production of cells with micronuclei and unscheduled
DNA synthesis in bone marrow cells of mice under action of mutagens
cyclophosphamide and N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU). They found that Rhodiola
rosea extracts reduced significantly the yield of cells with the chromosome
aberrations and micronuclei induced by cyclophosphamide in vivo, inhibited
unscheduled DNA synthesis induced by NMU in vitro. They suggested that
Rhodiola rosea extracts are antimutagens due to ability to raise the efficiency of
the intracell DNA repair mechanisms. [Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter. 1997 Oct-Dec;(4):22-4]
Bocharova OA et al found that oral administration of Rhodiola rosea extract to a
small group of patents (n = 12) with superficial bladder carcinoma (T1G1-2)
improved the characteristics of the urothelial tissue integration, parameters of
leukocyte integrins and T-cell immunity. [Urol Nefrol (Mosk). 1995
Mar-Apr;(2):46-7.]
Rhodiola may benefit people suffered from high altitude sickness.
Rhodiola (Rhodiola rosea) has been used to stimulate the nervous system and
fatigue for centuries in Eastern Europe and Asia. It has been used as remedy for
high altitude sickness.
Bock K et al, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium investigated the effect of
acute and 4-week Rhodiola rosea intake on physical capacity, muscle strength,
speed of limb movement, reaction time, and attention in a double blind
placebo-controlled randomized study (n= 24). They fed subjects either with
Rhodiola rosea (R, 200-mg Rhodiola rosea extract containing 3% rosavin + 1%
salidroside plus 500 mg starch) or placebo then they assessed their speed of limb
movement, aural and visual reaction time, and the ability to sustain attention.
After the study, they concluded that acute Rhodiola rosea intake can improve
endurance exercise capacity in young healthy volunteers. [Int J Sport Nutr Exerc
Metab. 2004 Jun;14(3):298-307]
Abidov M. et al, Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, studied the effects
of oral treatment with extracts from Rhodiola rosea (50 mg/kg) and Rhodiola
crenulata (50 mg/kg) roots on the duration of exhaustive swimming and ATP
content in mitochondria of skeletal muscles in rats. Treatment with R. rosea
extract significantly (by 24.6%) prolonged the duration of exhaustive swimming in
comparison with control rats and rats treated with R. crenullata. R. rosea extract
activated the synthesis or resynthesis of ATP in mitochondria and stimulated
reparative energy processes after intense exercise. [Bull Exp Biol Med. 2003
Dec;136(6):585-7.]
Darbinyan V et al investigated the effect of repeated low-dose treatment with a
standardized extract SHR/5 of rhizome Rhodiola rosea L, (RRE) on fatigue during
night duty among a group of 56 young, healthy physicians. They expressed the
total mental performance as Fatigue Index. They tested the complex perceptive
and cognitive cerebral functions, such as associative thinking, short-term memory,
calculation and ability of concentration, and speed of audio-visual perception as
to reflect the overall level of mental fatigue. They found that there was a
statistically significant improvement in these tests in the treatment group. They
didn't find any side-effect. They concluded that Rhodiola rosea L could reduce
general fatigue under certain stressful conditions. [Phytomedicine. 2000
Oct;7(5):365-71].
Rhodiola may help under conditions of hypoxia.
Wing SL et al, University of Utah, USA investigated the effects of Rhodiola on
hypoxia and oxidative stress at a simulated altitude of 4600 m, using 15
volunteers (ages 20-33). They allowed the volunteers to receive 3 separate
60-minute hypoxic exposures by breathing 13.6% oxygen at an ambient
barometric pressure of 633 mm Hg (simulating the partial pressure of oxygen at
4600 m elevation). Each subject received, in random order, treatments of a 7-day
supply of placebo or Rhodiola rosca. They found hypoxia-induced oxidative stress
was observed in the control group only. Rhodiola rosca appeared not to increase
oxidative stress and may decrease free radical formation after hypoxic exposure
compared with the control. [Wilderness Environ Med. 2003 Spring;14(1):9-16]
Rhodiola may benefit people suffered from certain types of
cardiac and glucose-level conditions.
Maimeskulova LA et al, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Medical
Sciences, Russia, repeated prophylactic administration of plant adaptogen
preparations based on extracts from rhodiola, eleutherococcus, leuzea, and
ginseng, produced a pronounced antiarrhythmic effect on the model of adrenal
arrhythmia in animals. [Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2000 Jul-Aug;63(4):29-31]
Lishmanov IuB et al, Russia, reported that a course injection of Rhodiola rosea
extract for eight days could increase the resistance of experimental animals to
adrenalin- or CaCl2-induced arrhythmias. They assumed the antiarrhythmic effect
of Rhodiola injection course was associated with the induction of opioid peptides
biosynthesis. [Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1993 Aug;116(8):175-6.]
Lishmanov IuB et al stated that a course of oral administration of Rhodiola rosea
extract in a dose of 3.5 mg/kg prevents reperfusion decrease in contraction
amplitude of the isolated perfused rat heart in their article. They also suggested
that the Rhodiola rosea extract also prevents reduction of coronary flow and
development of contracture in the postischemic period and. the protective effect
of Rhodiola may probably be connected with increase in the level of endogenous
opioid peptides. [Eksp Klin Farmakol. 1997 May-Jun;60(3):34-6].
Zhang Z, Liu et al, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing proved
that Rhodiola Capsules could significantly decrease the oxygen consumption of
myocardium and oxygen consumption index in anesthetic dogs, decrease the
coronary artery resistance without any major effect on the coronary artery blood
flow. They also found the capsules also lowered blood pressure and heart rate.
[Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1998 Feb;23(2):104-6, inside back]
Maslova LV et al studied the effect of course of administration of Rhodiola rosea
extract on the pattern of stress-induced cardiac damage. They used
99mTc-pyrophosphate accumulation in the heart as the parameter for the
progress. They concluded that Rhodiola rosea prevented stress-induced cardiac
damage. Simultaneously, they measured myocardial catecholamines and cAMP
levels and found that the adaptogen prevented lower adrenal catecholamines
during stress. They concluded that the antistressor and cardioprotective effects of
Rhodiola rosea are associated with limited adrenergic effect on the heart. [Eksp
Klin Farmakol. 1994 Nov-Dec;57(6):61-3.]
Cheng XJ etal, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica of Jilin
Province, China, isolated Rhodiola sachalinensis polysaccharides (RSP) from the
root of Rhodiola sachalinensis and demonstrated that RSP could decrease the
levels of blood sugar, liver glycogen and total blood lipid when injected
peritoneally to mice at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg once or for 7 successive days.
[Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1993 Sep;18(9):557-9, 575]
Rhodiolae may benefit people under stress.
Rhodiola (Rhodiola rosea) has been used to protect the liver in traditional
medicine for years.
Zhu BW et al, Dalian Institute of Light Industry, China, believed that noise is one
of the factors that induces critical stress in animals. They investigated the
alleviation of noise-stress-induced physiological damages by traditional medicine
using Rhodiolae radices. They used the contents of glycogen, lactic acid and
cholesterol in the liver of noise-stressed rats as parameters. They found that
noise induced stress in the rats with an evidence that a decrease in contents of
these compounds in the liver. And, Rhodiolae maintained the contents of these
compounds in the liver of the rats [Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2003
Sep;67(9):1930-6]
Song EK et al, Wonkwang University, Korea isolated two hepatoprotective
phenolic compounds, kaempferol (2) and salidroside (4), based based on the
hepatoprotective activity against tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in human
liver-derived Hep G2 cells. Their The EC(50) values of compounds 2 and 4 were
33.5 and 51.3 micro m, respectively. [Phytother Res. 2003 May;17(5):563-5]
Iaremii IN et al, Bukovinian State Medical Academy, Ukraine, studied the effect of
a liquid extract from Rhodiola rosea on the functional state of rat liver with
experimental toxic hepatitis. They found that the extract produced a
hepatoprotective effect, as manifested by normalized activity of aspartate
aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, normalized content of
medium-molecular-weight peptides, urea, and bilirubin, and reduced activity of
alanine aminotransferase and glutathione-S-transferase in the blood plasma of
rats with the toxic hepatitis model. [Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2002 Nov-Dec;65(6):57-9]
Nan JX et al, Wonkwang University, Korea, induced liver injury of rats repetitive
administration of carbon tetrachloride. This liver damage would elevate levels of
hydroxyproline and malondialdehyde in the liver. They then fed the rats with an
aqueous extract from the root of Rhodiola sachalinensis at doses of 50, 100 or
200 mg/kg throughout the carbon tetrachloride treatment for 28 days. They found
that the extract reduced the levels of hydroxyproline and malondialdehyde.
Immunohistological findings indicated the extracts inhibited hepatic stellate cell
activation, which is a major step for collagen accumulation during liver injury.
These data suggest that Rhodiola sachalinensis extracts protect the liver from
repetitive injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. [J Ethnopharmacol. 2003
Feb;84(2-3):143-8.]
SIDE EFFECTS OF RHODIOLA ROSEA
The use of Rhodiola rosea in recommended doses typically generates no side
effects, unlike traditional stimulants that posses addiction, tolerance and abuse
potential, produce a negative effect on sleep structure, and cause rebound
hypersomnolence or "come down" effects. [1]
THIS ARTICLE IS FOR YOUR REFERENCE ONLY. IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS, YOU
SHOULD CONSULT WITH YOUR DOCTOR. NOTE THAT MOST ARE JUST EITHER ANIMAL OR IN
VITRO STUDIES, RHODIOLA MAY WORK DIFFERENTLY IN HUMAN BODY. IN ADDITION
SOURCE, PURITY, DOSAGE FORM DESIGN WILL ALSO AFFECT THE RESULTS. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED 2009 zhion. DO NOT COPY NOR TRANSFER THIS ARTICLE TO OTHER WEBSITES
OR OTHER TYPES OF PUBLICATIONS WITHOUT PERMISSION.
1. A Panossian, H. Wagner Stimulating effect of adaptogens: an overview with particular
reference to their efficacy following single dose administration Phytother Res. 2005
Oct;19(10):819-38.
Rhodiola Rosea Extract prevents ischemic brain damage
development; research finds.
Pogorelyi VE et al, State Pharmaceutical Academy, Russia stated that Rhodiola
Rosea extract could prevent the ischemic brain damage development in their
article. They further suggested that a course administration of the drug in a dose
of 700 mg/kg arrested the development of hyper- and hypoperfusion in cerebral
circulation, weakened the postischemic hyperglycemic reaction, lowered oxygen
extraction by cerebral tissues, suppressed lactate acidosis, promoted pyruvate
participation in metabolic processes inhibits edema swelling, prevented the
"calcium paradox" development, and decreaseed manifestations of the lipid
peroxidation processes. [Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2002 Jul-Aug;65(4):19-22].
Rhodiola Rosea works as an adaptogen
Korean and Russian scientists have done a lot of studies to find out how rhodiola
benefits on cognitive functions:
Spasov AA et al, Volgograd Medical Academy, Russia, investigated the stimulating
and normalizing effect of the adaptogen Rhodiola rosea extract SHR-5 in foreign
students during a stressful examination period using a double-blind,
placebo-controlled pilot study . The students took the extract and placebo for 20
days during an examination period. They concluded that the extract gave
significant results.[ Phytomedicine. 2000 Apr;7(2):85-9]
Mook-Jung I et al, Ajou University School of Medicine, Korea. tested the
constituents of Rhodiola sacra S. H. Fu and R. sachalinensis A. BOR for their
neuroprotective effects. They found that a few constituents had considerable
protective effects against beta-amyloid-induced death of B103 neuronal cells in
vitro. These compounds also showed protective effects against
staurosporine-induced cell death, and two of them protected neurons from
H2O2-induced cell death. They thought that these compounds might protect
neurons from beta-amyloid toxicity based on antiapoptotic and antioxidative
activity [Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Aug;25(8):1101-4
Rhodiolia helps prevent cancer; research finds
Razina TG et al, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russia, inoculated mice
with with metastasing Lewis lung carcinoma. They then found that the extracts of
Baikal scullcap (Scutellaria baikalensis), rhodiola (Rhodiola rosea), common licorice
(Glycyrrhiza glabra) potentiated the antitumor and antimetastatic effects of
cyclophosphan (cyclophosphamide) [Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2000
Sep-Oct;63(5):59-61].
Salikhova RA et al, studied the effect of the Rhodiola rosea extracts on
chromosome aberrations, production of cells with micronuclei and unscheduled
DNA synthesis in bone marrow cells of mice under action of mutagens
cyclophosphamide and N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU). They found that Rhodiola
rosea extracts reduced significantly the yield of cells with the chromosome
aberrations and micronuclei induced by cyclophosphamide in vivo, inhibited
unscheduled DNA synthesis induced by NMU in vitro. They suggested that
Rhodiola rosea extracts are antimutagens due to ability to raise the efficiency of
the intracell DNA repair mechanisms. [Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter. 1997 Oct-Dec;(4):22-4]
Bocharova OA et al found that oral administration of Rhodiola rosea extract to a
small group of patents (n = 12) with superficial bladder carcinoma (T1G1-2)
improved the characteristics of the urothelial tissue integration, parameters of
leukocyte integrins and T-cell immunity. [Urol Nefrol (Mosk). 1995
Mar-Apr;(2):46-7.]
Rhodiola may benefit people suffered from high altitude sickness.
Rhodiola (Rhodiola rosea) has been used to stimulate the nervous system and
fatigue for centuries in Eastern Europe and Asia. It has been used as remedy for
high altitude sickness.
Bock K et al, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium investigated the effect of
acute and 4-week Rhodiola rosea intake on physical capacity, muscle strength,
speed of limb movement, reaction time, and attention in a double blind
placebo-controlled randomized study (n= 24). They fed subjects either with
Rhodiola rosea (R, 200-mg Rhodiola rosea extract containing 3% rosavin + 1%
salidroside plus 500 mg starch) or placebo then they assessed their speed of limb
movement, aural and visual reaction time, and the ability to sustain attention.
After the study, they concluded that acute Rhodiola rosea intake can improve
endurance exercise capacity in young healthy volunteers. [Int J Sport Nutr Exerc
Metab. 2004 Jun;14(3):298-307]
Abidov M. et al, Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, studied the effects
of oral treatment with extracts from Rhodiola rosea (50 mg/kg) and Rhodiola
crenulata (50 mg/kg) roots on the duration of exhaustive swimming and ATP
content in mitochondria of skeletal muscles in rats. Treatment with R. rosea
extract significantly (by 24.6%) prolonged the duration of exhaustive swimming in
comparison with control rats and rats treated with R. crenullata. R. rosea extract
activated the synthesis or resynthesis of ATP in mitochondria and stimulated
reparative energy processes after intense exercise. [Bull Exp Biol Med. 2003
Dec;136(6):585-7.]
Darbinyan V et al investigated the effect of repeated low-dose treatment with a
standardized extract SHR/5 of rhizome Rhodiola rosea L, (RRE) on fatigue during
night duty among a group of 56 young, healthy physicians. They expressed the
total mental performance as Fatigue Index. They tested the complex perceptive
and cognitive cerebral functions, such as associative thinking, short-term memory,
calculation and ability of concentration, and speed of audio-visual perception as
to reflect the overall level of mental fatigue. They found that there was a
statistically significant improvement in these tests in the treatment group. They
didn't find any side-effect. They concluded that Rhodiola rosea L could reduce
general fatigue under certain stressful conditions. [Phytomedicine. 2000
Oct;7(5):365-71].
Rhodiola may help under conditions of hypoxia.
Wing SL et al, University of Utah, USA investigated the effects of Rhodiola on
hypoxia and oxidative stress at a simulated altitude of 4600 m, using 15
volunteers (ages 20-33). They allowed the volunteers to receive 3 separate
60-minute hypoxic exposures by breathing 13.6% oxygen at an ambient
barometric pressure of 633 mm Hg (simulating the partial pressure of oxygen at
4600 m elevation). Each subject received, in random order, treatments of a 7-day
supply of placebo or Rhodiola rosca. They found hypoxia-induced oxidative stress
was observed in the control group only. Rhodiola rosca appeared not to increase
oxidative stress and may decrease free radical formation after hypoxic exposure
compared with the control. [Wilderness Environ Med. 2003 Spring;14(1):9-16]
Rhodiola may benefit people suffered from certain types of
cardiac and glucose-level conditions.
Maimeskulova LA et al, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Medical
Sciences, Russia, repeated prophylactic administration of plant adaptogen
preparations based on extracts from rhodiola, eleutherococcus, leuzea, and
ginseng, produced a pronounced antiarrhythmic effect on the model of adrenal
arrhythmia in animals. [Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2000 Jul-Aug;63(4):29-31]
Lishmanov IuB et al, Russia, reported that a course injection of Rhodiola rosea
extract for eight days could increase the resistance of experimental animals to
adrenalin- or CaCl2-induced arrhythmias. They assumed the antiarrhythmic effect
of Rhodiola injection course was associated with the induction of opioid peptides
biosynthesis. [Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1993 Aug;116(8):175-6.]
Lishmanov IuB et al stated that a course of oral administration of Rhodiola rosea
extract in a dose of 3.5 mg/kg prevents reperfusion decrease in contraction
amplitude of the isolated perfused rat heart in their article. They also suggested
that the Rhodiola rosea extract also prevents reduction of coronary flow and
development of contracture in the postischemic period and. the protective effect
of Rhodiola may probably be connected with increase in the level of endogenous
opioid peptides. [Eksp Klin Farmakol. 1997 May-Jun;60(3):34-6].
Zhang Z, Liu et al, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing proved
that Rhodiola Capsules could significantly decrease the oxygen consumption of
myocardium and oxygen consumption index in anesthetic dogs, decrease the
coronary artery resistance without any major effect on the coronary artery blood
flow. They also found the capsules also lowered blood pressure and heart rate.
[Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1998 Feb;23(2):104-6, inside back]
Maslova LV et al studied the effect of course of administration of Rhodiola rosea
extract on the pattern of stress-induced cardiac damage. They used
99mTc-pyrophosphate accumulation in the heart as the parameter for the
progress. They concluded that Rhodiola rosea prevented stress-induced cardiac
damage. Simultaneously, they measured myocardial catecholamines and cAMP
levels and found that the adaptogen prevented lower adrenal catecholamines
during stress. They concluded that the antistressor and cardioprotective effects of
Rhodiola rosea are associated with limited adrenergic effect on the heart. [Eksp
Klin Farmakol. 1994 Nov-Dec;57(6):61-3.]
Cheng XJ etal, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica of Jilin
Province, China, isolated Rhodiola sachalinensis polysaccharides (RSP) from the
root of Rhodiola sachalinensis and demonstrated that RSP could decrease the
levels of blood sugar, liver glycogen and total blood lipid when injected
peritoneally to mice at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg once or for 7 successive days.
[Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1993 Sep;18(9):557-9, 575]
Rhodiolae may benefit people under stress.
Rhodiola (Rhodiola rosea) has been used to protect the liver in traditional
medicine for years.
Zhu BW et al, Dalian Institute of Light Industry, China, believed that noise is one
of the factors that induces critical stress in animals. They investigated the
alleviation of noise-stress-induced physiological damages by traditional medicine
using Rhodiolae radices. They used the contents of glycogen, lactic acid and
cholesterol in the liver of noise-stressed rats as parameters. They found that
noise induced stress in the rats with an evidence that a decrease in contents of
these compounds in the liver. And, Rhodiolae maintained the contents of these
compounds in the liver of the rats [Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2003
Sep;67(9):1930-6]
Song EK et al, Wonkwang University, Korea isolated two hepatoprotective
phenolic compounds, kaempferol (2) and salidroside (4), based based on the
hepatoprotective activity against tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in human
liver-derived Hep G2 cells. Their The EC(50) values of compounds 2 and 4 were
33.5 and 51.3 micro m, respectively. [Phytother Res. 2003 May;17(5):563-5]
Iaremii IN et al, Bukovinian State Medical Academy, Ukraine, studied the effect of
a liquid extract from Rhodiola rosea on the functional state of rat liver with
experimental toxic hepatitis. They found that the extract produced a
hepatoprotective effect, as manifested by normalized activity of aspartate
aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, normalized content of
medium-molecular-weight peptides, urea, and bilirubin, and reduced activity of
alanine aminotransferase and glutathione-S-transferase in the blood plasma of
rats with the toxic hepatitis model. [Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2002 Nov-Dec;65(6):57-9]
Nan JX et al, Wonkwang University, Korea, induced liver injury of rats repetitive
administration of carbon tetrachloride. This liver damage would elevate levels of
hydroxyproline and malondialdehyde in the liver. They then fed the rats with an
aqueous extract from the root of Rhodiola sachalinensis at doses of 50, 100 or
200 mg/kg throughout the carbon tetrachloride treatment for 28 days. They found
that the extract reduced the levels of hydroxyproline and malondialdehyde.
Immunohistological findings indicated the extracts inhibited hepatic stellate cell
activation, which is a major step for collagen accumulation during liver injury.
These data suggest that Rhodiola sachalinensis extracts protect the liver from
repetitive injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. [J Ethnopharmacol. 2003
Feb;84(2-3):143-8.]
SIDE EFFECTS OF RHODIOLA ROSEA
The use of Rhodiola rosea in recommended doses typically generates no side
effects, unlike traditional stimulants that posses addiction, tolerance and abuse
potential, produce a negative effect on sleep structure, and cause rebound
hypersomnolence or "come down" effects. [1]
THIS ARTICLE IS FOR YOUR REFERENCE ONLY. IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS, YOU
SHOULD CONSULT WITH YOUR DOCTOR. NOTE THAT MOST ARE JUST EITHER ANIMAL OR IN
VITRO STUDIES, RHODIOLA MAY WORK DIFFERENTLY IN HUMAN BODY. IN ADDITION
SOURCE, PURITY, DOSAGE FORM DESIGN WILL ALSO AFFECT THE RESULTS. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED 2009 zhion. DO NOT COPY NOR TRANSFER THIS ARTICLE TO OTHER WEBSITES
OR OTHER TYPES OF PUBLICATIONS WITHOUT PERMISSION.
1. A Panossian, H. Wagner Stimulating effect of adaptogens: an overview with particular
reference to their efficacy following single dose administration Phytother Res. 2005
Oct;19(10):819-38.
| THE PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF RHODIOLA Lee MW et al, Chung Ang University, Korea has furnished six phenolic compounds from Rhodiola sachalinensis root extract (acetone) which exhibited significant scavenging effects against DPPH free radical. They determined these compounds as follows: gallic acid (1), (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (2), kaempferol (3), kaempferol 7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosi de (4), herbacetin 7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosi de, (5) and rhodiolinin (6) by physico-chemical and spectral evidences. [Arch Pharm Res. 2000 Oct;23(5):455-8.] |
| "The ingredients of Rodiola effect the central nervous system by increasing the ability to concentrate. They also prevent the heart system from stress and arrhythmias, and posses some antioxidant activity. Rhodiola rosea L. preparations may stop the growth of the malignant tumors and metastases in the liver." Kucinskaite A et al, "Experimental analysis of therapeutic properties of Rhodiola rosea L. and its possible application in medicine" Medicina (Kaunas). 2004;40(7):614-9. [Article in Lithuanian]. |
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