TAXIFOLIN BENEFITS
TAXIFOLIN BENEFITS
Taxifolin is a plant flavonoid occurring in the fruit of milk thistle [S.
marianum]. This fruit has been used since ancient times as a
medicinal plant for the treatment of liver diseases [1]. The extract,
known as sylimarin, contains flavonoids such as sylibin and
taxifolin. Sylibin has been well-studied and its hypocholesterolemic
effect has also been noticed.
CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING ACTIVITIES
In a study of rats, Krecman et al. [2] studied found that pure
silybin was not as effective as silymarin. This suggested that other
constituent(s) of silymarin, in addition to silybin, also have
hypocholesterolemic effects. Subsequently, the minor constituent
of silymarin, taxifolin, has attracted Andre TheriaultÂ’s attention,
because taxifolin constitutes the flavonoid moiety in the flavolignan
silybin. Hence, Andre Theriault and coworkers investigated how
taxifolin affected lipid profiles in a study using human hepatoma cell-
line, HepG2, as the model system. They had a few key findings: (1)
taxifolin inhibits cholesterol synthesis in a dose- and time-
dependent manner, (2) taxifolin suppresses HMG-CoA reductase
activity and cholesteryl ester formation (3) taxifolin inhibits the
synthesis and secretion of triacylglycerol and phospholipids and (4)
taxifolin decreases the secretion of apoB into LDL-like particles.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES
Taxifolin also demonstrated anti-inflammatory activities in in-vitro
studies. Taxifolin down-regulated the expression of intercellular
adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). It impeded the calcium influx
induced by fMLP (a receptor-mediated activator) or AlF(4)(-) (a G
protein-mediated activator) and effectively inhibited the fMLP- or
PMA-induced ROS production with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC
(50)) less than 10microM, possibly through impairing the activation
of NADPH oxidase.[4]
REFERENCES
[1] Morazzoni, P., Bombardelli, E. 1995. Silybum marianum. Cardus
marianus Fitoterapia. 66:6-42. [2] Krecman, V., Skottova, N.,
Walterova, D., Ulrichova, J., Simanek, V. 1998. Silymarin inhibits
the development of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats.
Planta Med. 64:138-142. [3] Casaschi A et al, Inhibitory activity of
diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) and microsomal triglyceride transfer
protein (MTP) by the flavonoid, taxifolin, in HepG2 cells: potential role in the
regulation of apolipoprotein B secretion. Atherosclerosis. 2004 Oct;176(2):
247-53. [4] Wang YH Prevention of macrophage adhesion molecule-1 (Mac-
1)-dependent neutrophil firm adhesion by taxifolin through impairment of protein
kinase-dependent NADPH oxidase activation and antagonism of G protein-
mediated calcium influx. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Jun 15;67(12):2251-62.
Taxifolin is a plant flavonoid occurring in the fruit of milk thistle [S.
marianum]. This fruit has been used since ancient times as a
medicinal plant for the treatment of liver diseases [1]. The extract,
known as sylimarin, contains flavonoids such as sylibin and
taxifolin. Sylibin has been well-studied and its hypocholesterolemic
effect has also been noticed.
CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING ACTIVITIES
In a study of rats, Krecman et al. [2] studied found that pure
silybin was not as effective as silymarin. This suggested that other
constituent(s) of silymarin, in addition to silybin, also have
hypocholesterolemic effects. Subsequently, the minor constituent
of silymarin, taxifolin, has attracted Andre TheriaultÂ’s attention,
because taxifolin constitutes the flavonoid moiety in the flavolignan
silybin. Hence, Andre Theriault and coworkers investigated how
taxifolin affected lipid profiles in a study using human hepatoma cell-
line, HepG2, as the model system. They had a few key findings: (1)
taxifolin inhibits cholesterol synthesis in a dose- and time-
dependent manner, (2) taxifolin suppresses HMG-CoA reductase
activity and cholesteryl ester formation (3) taxifolin inhibits the
synthesis and secretion of triacylglycerol and phospholipids and (4)
taxifolin decreases the secretion of apoB into LDL-like particles.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES
Taxifolin also demonstrated anti-inflammatory activities in in-vitro
studies. Taxifolin down-regulated the expression of intercellular
adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). It impeded the calcium influx
induced by fMLP (a receptor-mediated activator) or AlF(4)(-) (a G
protein-mediated activator) and effectively inhibited the fMLP- or
PMA-induced ROS production with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC
(50)) less than 10microM, possibly through impairing the activation
of NADPH oxidase.[4]
REFERENCES
[1] Morazzoni, P., Bombardelli, E. 1995. Silybum marianum. Cardus
marianus Fitoterapia. 66:6-42. [2] Krecman, V., Skottova, N.,
Walterova, D., Ulrichova, J., Simanek, V. 1998. Silymarin inhibits
the development of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats.
Planta Med. 64:138-142. [3] Casaschi A et al, Inhibitory activity of
diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) and microsomal triglyceride transfer
protein (MTP) by the flavonoid, taxifolin, in HepG2 cells: potential role in the
regulation of apolipoprotein B secretion. Atherosclerosis. 2004 Oct;176(2):
247-53. [4] Wang YH Prevention of macrophage adhesion molecule-1 (Mac-
1)-dependent neutrophil firm adhesion by taxifolin through impairment of protein
kinase-dependent NADPH oxidase activation and antagonism of G protein-
mediated calcium influx. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Jun 15;67(12):2251-62.
| Researchers found pure silybin was not as effective as silymarin for cholesterol-lowering. Based on this research result, researchers found another element inside silymarin having cholesterol-lowering activities. And, that is taxifolin. |
MAJOR NUTRIENT
DIET.
SUPPLEMENT
PhytoChemicals
Antioxidants
A-Z Health Foods,
Products
Acetyl-L Carnitine
Acidophilus
Alfalfa
Almond
Aloe vera
Andrographis
Aniseed
Apple
Arnica
Ashwagandha
Asian Pears
Asparagus
Astaxanthin,
Astragulus
Artichoke
Avena sativa
Avocados
Barley
Banana
Basil
Beet
black cohosh
Bladderwrack
Blackberry
Black Currant
Bloodroot
Blueberry
Bilberry
Bitter Melon
Borage Seed Oil
Boswellia
Black Soya Bean
Broccoli
Bromelain
Brown Seaweed
Brussels Sprout
Butein
Butterbur
Burdock
Cabbage
Cactus
Caffeine
Calcium
Calendula
Canola oil
Cauliflower
Cat's Claw
Cayenne
Celadrin
Celery
Chamomile
Chaparral
Cherry
Chokeberry
Chondroitin
Chitosan
Chlorella
Chlorophyll
Chromium
Cinnamon
CLA
Cocoa
Cod Liver Oil
Coenzyme Q
Coffee
Comfrey
Conj. Linoleic Acid
Colostrum
Colloidal Silver
Cordyceps
Corn
Cranberry
Creatine
Curcumin
Damiana
Dandelion
Danggui_Buxue
Devil's Claw
DHEA
Dill
Dong Quai
EGCG
Echinacea
Eleuthero
Ellagic Acid
Eucalyptus G.
Eve. Primrose Oil
Falcarinol
Fennel
Fenugreek
Feverfew
Folate
Fish Oil
Flaxseed Meal
Flaxseed /Linseed
Garcinia C.
Garlic
Galangal
Ghrelin
Ginger
Ginseng
Ginseng/Ginkgo
Ginkgo Biloba
Glucosamine
Goldenseal
Gotu Kola
GRAPE SEED
EXTRACT
Green Coffee Bean
Green Tea
Growth Hormone
Stimulants
Goldenseal
Guar Gum
Guggul
Gymnema
Hawthorn
Hoodia
Hop
Horse Chestnut
Horsetail
Huperzine A
Hyaluronic acid
Isothiocyanates
Kava Kava
Kelp
L-arginine
Lavender
Lecithin
Lemon balm
Licorice
Lingonberry
Lutein
Lycopene
Maca
Maitake
Mango
Mangosteen
Marshmallow
Melatonin
Milk Thistle
Mistletoe
N-Acetylcysteine
Nattokinase
Nectarines
Octacosanol
Olive Oil
Omegic Fatty
Acids
Onion
Orange
Oregon Grape
Pantethine
Papaya
Passion Flower
PEANUT
Peach
Peony
Pepper
Peppermint
Persimmons
Phellinus linteus
Phosphatidyl
serine
Phyllanthus
Potato
Plum
Pomegranate
Probiotics
Policosanol /
Polycosanol
Propolis
Pumpkin
Pycnogenol
Pyruvate
Quercetin
Quince
Radish
Red Clover
Red Yeast Rice
Reishi / Lingzhi
Resveratrol
Rhodiola
Rhubarb
Rice Bran Oil
Rosemary
Royal Jelly
Rutin
S-adenosyl-L-
methionine
Saffron
Saw Palmetto
Schisandra
Selenium
Spinach
Spirulina
Squash
Stinging Nettle
St John Wort
Strawberry
Sweet Potatoes
Taxifolin
Tea Tree Oil
Turmeric [Curry]
Tyrosine
Shark Cartilage
Soy
Stevia
Valerian
Vitamin D
Vitex
Walnuts
Watermelon
Wheat Grass
Whey
Wild Yam
Witch Hazel
Wormwood
Xylitol
Yarrow
Yohimbe
Yucca
5-Hydroxytrpto
phan
Food Industry
Organic Label
HOME
Herb Side Effect
Blood Pressure
Lowering Herbs
Cholesterol
Lowering Herbs
Supplements for
Cadiovascular
Diseases
Coenzyme Q and
Creatine for
Parkinson's
disease?
DIET.
SUPPLEMENT
PhytoChemicals
Antioxidants
A-Z Health Foods,
Products
Acetyl-L Carnitine
Acidophilus
Alfalfa
Almond
Aloe vera
Andrographis
Aniseed
Apple
Arnica
Ashwagandha
Asian Pears
Asparagus
Astaxanthin,
Astragulus
Artichoke
Avena sativa
Avocados
Barley
Banana
Basil
Beet
black cohosh
Bladderwrack
Blackberry
Black Currant
Bloodroot
Blueberry
Bilberry
Bitter Melon
Borage Seed Oil
Boswellia
Black Soya Bean
Broccoli
Bromelain
Brown Seaweed
Brussels Sprout
Butein
Butterbur
Burdock
Cabbage
Cactus
Caffeine
Calcium
Calendula
Canola oil
Cauliflower
Cat's Claw
Cayenne
Celadrin
Celery
Chamomile
Chaparral
Cherry
Chokeberry
Chondroitin
Chitosan
Chlorella
Chlorophyll
Chromium
Cinnamon
CLA
Cocoa
Cod Liver Oil
Coenzyme Q
Coffee
Comfrey
Conj. Linoleic Acid
Colostrum
Colloidal Silver
Cordyceps
Corn
Cranberry
Creatine
Curcumin
Damiana
Dandelion
Danggui_Buxue
Devil's Claw
DHEA
Dill
Dong Quai
EGCG
Echinacea
Eleuthero
Ellagic Acid
Eucalyptus G.
Eve. Primrose Oil
Falcarinol
Fennel
Fenugreek
Feverfew
Folate
Fish Oil
Flaxseed Meal
Flaxseed /Linseed
Garcinia C.
Garlic
Galangal
Ghrelin
Ginger
Ginseng
Ginseng/Ginkgo
Ginkgo Biloba
Glucosamine
Goldenseal
Gotu Kola
GRAPE SEED
EXTRACT
Green Coffee Bean
Green Tea
Growth Hormone
Stimulants
Goldenseal
Guar Gum
Guggul
Gymnema
Hawthorn
Hoodia
Hop
Horse Chestnut
Horsetail
Huperzine A
Hyaluronic acid
Isothiocyanates
Kava Kava
Kelp
L-arginine
Lavender
Lecithin
Lemon balm
Licorice
Lingonberry
Lutein
Lycopene
Maca
Maitake
Mango
Mangosteen
Marshmallow
Melatonin
Milk Thistle
Mistletoe
N-Acetylcysteine
Nattokinase
Nectarines
Octacosanol
Olive Oil
Omegic Fatty
Acids
Onion
Orange
Oregon Grape
Pantethine
Papaya
Passion Flower
PEANUT
Peach
Peony
Pepper
Peppermint
Persimmons
Phellinus linteus
Phosphatidyl
serine
Phyllanthus
Potato
Plum
Pomegranate
Probiotics
Policosanol /
Polycosanol
Propolis
Pumpkin
Pycnogenol
Pyruvate
Quercetin
Quince
Radish
Red Clover
Red Yeast Rice
Reishi / Lingzhi
Resveratrol
Rhodiola
Rhubarb
Rice Bran Oil
Rosemary
Royal Jelly
Rutin
S-adenosyl-L-
methionine
Saffron
Saw Palmetto
Schisandra
Selenium
Spinach
Spirulina
Squash
Stinging Nettle
St John Wort
Strawberry
Sweet Potatoes
Taxifolin
Tea Tree Oil
Turmeric [Curry]
Tyrosine
Shark Cartilage
Soy
Stevia
Valerian
Vitamin D
Vitex
Walnuts
Watermelon
Wheat Grass
Whey
Wild Yam
Witch Hazel
Wormwood
Xylitol
Yarrow
Yohimbe
Yucca
5-Hydroxytrpto
phan
Food Industry
Organic Label
HOME
Herb Side Effect
Blood Pressure
Lowering Herbs
Cholesterol
Lowering Herbs
Supplements for
Cadiovascular
Diseases
Coenzyme Q and
Creatine for
Parkinson's
disease?