| BROMELAIN BENEFITS |
Bromelain is a crude extract from the pineapple that contains various
proteinases; demonstrating antiedematous, antiinflammatory,
antithrombotic and fibrinolytic activities in some studies. [1,2] Bromelain
appeared as a safe supplements with a limited side effect reports, it has
became one of the most popular supplement for various health supports.
In the last few years, a wide range of therapeutic benefits has been
claimed for bromelain, such as reversible inhibition of platelet
aggregation, benefits on angina pectoris, bronchitis, sinusitis, surgical
traumas, thrombophlebitis and pyelonephritis. Studies also showed its
enhancement on the absorption of antibiotics. [1,2]
It has been known that bromelain processes of antithrombotic and
anticoagulant activities in vivo study. To demonstrate these activities,
researchers pre-incubate platelets with bromelain (10 micrograms/mL).
They found that Bromelain could completely prevent the thrombin (0.2
U/mL) to induce platelet aggregation. In the study, bromelain was even
more effective than papain in preventing platelet aggregation. Another
study showed that bromelain at concentration of 0.1 microgram/mL was
sufficient to reduce the adhesion of bound, thrombin stimulated,
platelets to bovine aorta endothelial cells. Finally, pre-incubation of
platelets with bromelain, prior to thrombin activation, reduced the
platelet adhesion to the endothelial cells to the low binding value of
unstimulated platelets. [3]
Bromelain has been sold as a nutritional supplement to "promote
digestive health". A research group found that oral administration of
bromelain improved decrease in defecation in abdominal postoperative
rats. [6] In a study, researchers found that daily treatment with oral
bromelain beginning at age 5 weeks decreased the incidence and
severity of spontaneous colitis in C57BL/6 IL-10-/- mice. Bromelain also
significantly decreased the clinical and histologic severity of colonic
inflammation when administered to piroxicam-exposed IL-10-/- mice with
established colitis. [7]
Recent studies have shown that bromelain may have benefits on
chemotherapy; i.e. therapy for cancers. Bromelain acts as an
immunomodulator by raising the impaired immunocytotoxicity of
monocytes against tumor cells from patients and by inducing the
production of distinct cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-a,
interleukin (Il)-1beta, Il-6, and Il-8. [1] Studies of animals have also
shown its antimetastatic efficacy and its capability to inhibit
metastasis-associated platelet aggregation as well as the growth and
invasiveness of tumor cells. [1] In a study, researchers incubated
sarcoma L-1 cells with or without (as a control) bromelain and then they
subcutaneously or intravenously inoculated this mixture into
BALB/c-mice to induce local tumor growth or lung colonization.
Researchers found that the tumor growth and experimental lung
metastasis were much less significantly in the presence of bromelain. [4]
PINAPPLE SIDE EFFECTS
In general, pinapple is safe. However, there is a case of allergy after
eating pinapple. 32 patients became ill shortly after they had eaten
pineapples. They developed intense itching, urticarial rashes,
abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea. They were treated with
intravenous fluids, antihistamine, steroid or even adrenaline. All of them
recovered. [5]
REFERENCES
[1] Maurer HR Bromelain: biochemistry, pharmacology and medical use. Cell Mol Life Sci.
2001 Aug;58(9):1234-45. [2] Taussig SJ et al, Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple
(Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. J Ethnopharmacol. 1988
Feb-Mar;22(2):191-203. [3] Metzig C et al, Bromelain proteases reduce human platelet
aggregation in vitro, adhesion to bovine endothelial cells and thrombus formation in rat vessels
in vivo. In Vivo. 1999 Jan-Feb;13(1):7-12. [4] Beuth J et al, Modulation of murine tumor growth
and colonization by bromelaine, an extract of the pineapple plant (Ananas comosum L.). In
Vivo. 2005 Mar-Apr;19(2):483-5. [5] Kabir I et al Systemic allergic reaction and diarrhoea after
pineapple ingestion. Trop Geogr Med. 1993;45(2):77-9. [6] Wen S et al, Bromelain improves
decrease in defecation in postoperative rats: Modulation of colonic gene expression of inducible
nitric oxide synthase. Life Sci. 2005 Aug 29 [7] Hale LP et al, Treatment with oral bromelain
decreases colonic inflammation in the IL-10-deficient murine model of inflammatory bowel
disease. Clin Immunol. 2005 Aug;116(2):135-42.
THIS ARTICLE IS FOR YOUR INFORMATION ONLY. IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTION,
PLEASE, CONSULT WITH YOUR DOCTOR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2008 zhion.
proteinases; demonstrating antiedematous, antiinflammatory,
antithrombotic and fibrinolytic activities in some studies. [1,2] Bromelain
appeared as a safe supplements with a limited side effect reports, it has
became one of the most popular supplement for various health supports.
In the last few years, a wide range of therapeutic benefits has been
claimed for bromelain, such as reversible inhibition of platelet
aggregation, benefits on angina pectoris, bronchitis, sinusitis, surgical
traumas, thrombophlebitis and pyelonephritis. Studies also showed its
enhancement on the absorption of antibiotics. [1,2]
It has been known that bromelain processes of antithrombotic and
anticoagulant activities in vivo study. To demonstrate these activities,
researchers pre-incubate platelets with bromelain (10 micrograms/mL).
They found that Bromelain could completely prevent the thrombin (0.2
U/mL) to induce platelet aggregation. In the study, bromelain was even
more effective than papain in preventing platelet aggregation. Another
study showed that bromelain at concentration of 0.1 microgram/mL was
sufficient to reduce the adhesion of bound, thrombin stimulated,
platelets to bovine aorta endothelial cells. Finally, pre-incubation of
platelets with bromelain, prior to thrombin activation, reduced the
platelet adhesion to the endothelial cells to the low binding value of
unstimulated platelets. [3]
Bromelain has been sold as a nutritional supplement to "promote
digestive health". A research group found that oral administration of
bromelain improved decrease in defecation in abdominal postoperative
rats. [6] In a study, researchers found that daily treatment with oral
bromelain beginning at age 5 weeks decreased the incidence and
severity of spontaneous colitis in C57BL/6 IL-10-/- mice. Bromelain also
significantly decreased the clinical and histologic severity of colonic
inflammation when administered to piroxicam-exposed IL-10-/- mice with
established colitis. [7]
Recent studies have shown that bromelain may have benefits on
chemotherapy; i.e. therapy for cancers. Bromelain acts as an
immunomodulator by raising the impaired immunocytotoxicity of
monocytes against tumor cells from patients and by inducing the
production of distinct cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-a,
interleukin (Il)-1beta, Il-6, and Il-8. [1] Studies of animals have also
shown its antimetastatic efficacy and its capability to inhibit
metastasis-associated platelet aggregation as well as the growth and
invasiveness of tumor cells. [1] In a study, researchers incubated
sarcoma L-1 cells with or without (as a control) bromelain and then they
subcutaneously or intravenously inoculated this mixture into
BALB/c-mice to induce local tumor growth or lung colonization.
Researchers found that the tumor growth and experimental lung
metastasis were much less significantly in the presence of bromelain. [4]
PINAPPLE SIDE EFFECTS
In general, pinapple is safe. However, there is a case of allergy after
eating pinapple. 32 patients became ill shortly after they had eaten
pineapples. They developed intense itching, urticarial rashes,
abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea. They were treated with
intravenous fluids, antihistamine, steroid or even adrenaline. All of them
recovered. [5]
REFERENCES
[1] Maurer HR Bromelain: biochemistry, pharmacology and medical use. Cell Mol Life Sci.
2001 Aug;58(9):1234-45. [2] Taussig SJ et al, Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple
(Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. J Ethnopharmacol. 1988
Feb-Mar;22(2):191-203. [3] Metzig C et al, Bromelain proteases reduce human platelet
aggregation in vitro, adhesion to bovine endothelial cells and thrombus formation in rat vessels
in vivo. In Vivo. 1999 Jan-Feb;13(1):7-12. [4] Beuth J et al, Modulation of murine tumor growth
and colonization by bromelaine, an extract of the pineapple plant (Ananas comosum L.). In
Vivo. 2005 Mar-Apr;19(2):483-5. [5] Kabir I et al Systemic allergic reaction and diarrhoea after
pineapple ingestion. Trop Geogr Med. 1993;45(2):77-9. [6] Wen S et al, Bromelain improves
decrease in defecation in postoperative rats: Modulation of colonic gene expression of inducible
nitric oxide synthase. Life Sci. 2005 Aug 29 [7] Hale LP et al, Treatment with oral bromelain
decreases colonic inflammation in the IL-10-deficient murine model of inflammatory bowel
disease. Clin Immunol. 2005 Aug;116(2):135-42.
THIS ARTICLE IS FOR YOUR INFORMATION ONLY. IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTION,
PLEASE, CONSULT WITH YOUR DOCTOR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2008 zhion.
MAJOR NUTRIENT
DIET.
SUPPLEMENT
PhytoChemicals
Antioxidants
A-Z Health Foods,
Products
Acetyl-L Carnitine
Acidophilus
Alfalfa
Almond
Aloe vera
Andrographis
Aniseed
Apple
Arnica
Ashwagandha
Asian Pears
Asparagus
Astaxanthin,
Astragulus
Artichoke
Avena sativa
Avocados
Barley
Banana
Basil
Beet
black cohosh
Bladderwrack
Blackberry
Black Currant
Bloodroot
Blueberry
Bilberry
Bitter Melon
Borage Seed Oil
Boswellia
Black Soya Bean
Broccoli
Bromelain
Brown Seaweed
Brussels Sprout
Butein
Butterbur
Burdock
Cabbage
Cactus
Caffeine
Calcium
Calendula
Canola oil
Cauliflower
Cat's Claw
Cayenne
Celadrin
Celery
Chamomile
Chaparral
Cherry
Chokeberry
Chondroitin
Chitosan
Chlorella
Chlorophyll
Chromium
Cinnamon
CLA
Cocoa
Cod Liver Oil
Coenzyme Q
Coffee
Comfrey
Conj. Linoleic Acid
Colostrum
Colloidal Silver
Cordyceps
Corn
Cranberry
Creatine
Curcumin
Damiana
Dandelion
Danggui_Buxue
Devil's Claw
DHEA
Dill
Dong Quai
EGCG
Echinacea
Eleuthero
Ellagic Acid
Eucalyptus G.
Eve. Primrose Oil
Falcarinol
Fennel
Fenugreek
Feverfew
Folate
Fish Oil
Flaxseed Meal
Flaxseed /Linseed
Garcinia C.
Garlic
Galangal
Ghrelin
Ginger
Ginseng
Ginseng/Ginkgo
Ginkgo Biloba
Glucosamine
Goldenseal
Gotu Kola
GRAPE SEED
EXTRACT
Green Coffee Bean
Green Tea
Growth Hormone
Stimulants
Goldenseal
Guar Gum
Guggul
Gymnema
Hawthorn
Hoodia
Hop
Horse Chestnut
Horsetail
Huperzine A
Hyaluronic acid
Isothiocyanates
Kava Kava
Kelp
L-arginine
Lavender
Lecithin
Lemon balm
Licorice
Lingonberry
Lutein
Lycopene
Maca
Maitake
Mango
Mangosteen
Marshmallow
Melatonin
Milk Thistle
Mistletoe
N-Acetylcysteine
Nattokinase
Nectarines
Octacosanol
Olive Oil
Omegic Fatty
Acids
Onion
Orange
Oregon Grape
Pantethine
Papaya
Passion Flower
PEANUT
Peach
Peony
Pepper
Peppermint
Persimmons
Phellinus linteus
Phosphatidyl
serine
Phyllanthus
Potato
Plum
Pomegranate
Probiotics
Policosanol /
Polycosanol
Propolis
Pumpkin
Pycnogenol
Pyruvate
Quercetin
Quince
Radish
Red Clover
Red Yeast Rice
Reishi / Lingzhi
Resveratrol
Rhodiola
Rhubarb
Rice Bran Oil
Rosemary
Royal Jelly
Rutin
S-adenosyl-L-
methionine
Saffron
Saw Palmetto
Schisandra
Selenium
Spinach
Spirulina
Squash
Stinging Nettle
St John Wort
Strawberry
Sweet Potatoes
Taxifolin
Tea Tree Oil
Turmeric [Curry]
Tyrosine
Shark Cartilage
Soy
Stevia
Valerian
Vitamin D
Vitex
Walnuts
Watermelon
Wheat Grass
Whey
Wild Yam
Witch Hazel
Wormwood
Xylitol
Yarrow
Yohimbe
Yucca
5-Hydroxytrpto
phan
Food Industry
Organic Label
HOME
Herb Side Effect
Blood Pressure
Lowering Herbs
Cholesterol
Lowering Herbs
Supplements for
Cadiovascular
Diseases
Coenzyme Q and
Creatine for
Parkinson's
disease?
DIET.
SUPPLEMENT
PhytoChemicals
Antioxidants
A-Z Health Foods,
Products
Acetyl-L Carnitine
Acidophilus
Alfalfa
Almond
Aloe vera
Andrographis
Aniseed
Apple
Arnica
Ashwagandha
Asian Pears
Asparagus
Astaxanthin,
Astragulus
Artichoke
Avena sativa
Avocados
Barley
Banana
Basil
Beet
black cohosh
Bladderwrack
Blackberry
Black Currant
Bloodroot
Blueberry
Bilberry
Bitter Melon
Borage Seed Oil
Boswellia
Black Soya Bean
Broccoli
Bromelain
Brown Seaweed
Brussels Sprout
Butein
Butterbur
Burdock
Cabbage
Cactus
Caffeine
Calcium
Calendula
Canola oil
Cauliflower
Cat's Claw
Cayenne
Celadrin
Celery
Chamomile
Chaparral
Cherry
Chokeberry
Chondroitin
Chitosan
Chlorella
Chlorophyll
Chromium
Cinnamon
CLA
Cocoa
Cod Liver Oil
Coenzyme Q
Coffee
Comfrey
Conj. Linoleic Acid
Colostrum
Colloidal Silver
Cordyceps
Corn
Cranberry
Creatine
Curcumin
Damiana
Dandelion
Danggui_Buxue
Devil's Claw
DHEA
Dill
Dong Quai
EGCG
Echinacea
Eleuthero
Ellagic Acid
Eucalyptus G.
Eve. Primrose Oil
Falcarinol
Fennel
Fenugreek
Feverfew
Folate
Fish Oil
Flaxseed Meal
Flaxseed /Linseed
Garcinia C.
Garlic
Galangal
Ghrelin
Ginger
Ginseng
Ginseng/Ginkgo
Ginkgo Biloba
Glucosamine
Goldenseal
Gotu Kola
GRAPE SEED
EXTRACT
Green Coffee Bean
Green Tea
Growth Hormone
Stimulants
Goldenseal
Guar Gum
Guggul
Gymnema
Hawthorn
Hoodia
Hop
Horse Chestnut
Horsetail
Huperzine A
Hyaluronic acid
Isothiocyanates
Kava Kava
Kelp
L-arginine
Lavender
Lecithin
Lemon balm
Licorice
Lingonberry
Lutein
Lycopene
Maca
Maitake
Mango
Mangosteen
Marshmallow
Melatonin
Milk Thistle
Mistletoe
N-Acetylcysteine
Nattokinase
Nectarines
Octacosanol
Olive Oil
Omegic Fatty
Acids
Onion
Orange
Oregon Grape
Pantethine
Papaya
Passion Flower
PEANUT
Peach
Peony
Pepper
Peppermint
Persimmons
Phellinus linteus
Phosphatidyl
serine
Phyllanthus
Potato
Plum
Pomegranate
Probiotics
Policosanol /
Polycosanol
Propolis
Pumpkin
Pycnogenol
Pyruvate
Quercetin
Quince
Radish
Red Clover
Red Yeast Rice
Reishi / Lingzhi
Resveratrol
Rhodiola
Rhubarb
Rice Bran Oil
Rosemary
Royal Jelly
Rutin
S-adenosyl-L-
methionine
Saffron
Saw Palmetto
Schisandra
Selenium
Spinach
Spirulina
Squash
Stinging Nettle
St John Wort
Strawberry
Sweet Potatoes
Taxifolin
Tea Tree Oil
Turmeric [Curry]
Tyrosine
Shark Cartilage
Soy
Stevia
Valerian
Vitamin D
Vitex
Walnuts
Watermelon
Wheat Grass
Whey
Wild Yam
Witch Hazel
Wormwood
Xylitol
Yarrow
Yohimbe
Yucca
5-Hydroxytrpto
phan
Food Industry
Organic Label
HOME
Herb Side Effect
Blood Pressure
Lowering Herbs
Cholesterol
Lowering Herbs
Supplements for
Cadiovascular
Diseases
Coenzyme Q and
Creatine for
Parkinson's
disease?