In about 5 to 10% of pregnancies, mother develops high blood pressure (gestational hypertension). Gestational hypertension may put the health of the mother and infant at risk. At riskier condition -pre-eclampsia, protein excretion also occurs. [2]
Fish oil or cod liver oil is commonly suggested to pregnant women, it is beneficial to know what impact that cod liver oil may offer to the mothers.
In an observational prospective study of 488 pregnant Icelandic women, researchers estimated the maternal use of cod-liver oil, foods and other supplements with questionnaires. They found the odds ratio for developing hypertensive disorders in pregnancy for women consuming high doses of liquid cod-liver oil was 4.7. Further, the use of multivitamin supplements without vitamins A and D in late pregnancy doubled the odds of hypertensive disorders. [1]
On the other hand, an animal study showed that cod liver oil could lower blood pressure of Wistar rats. And, its effect on blood pressure lowering even more pronounced than that of sunflowerseed oil or partially hydrogenated fish oil!! [3] Probably, more studies are needed to clarify its effects on our blood pressure.
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[1] Olafsdottir AS, et al, Relationship between high consumption of marine fatty acids in early pregnancy and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.BJOG. 2006 Mar;113(3):301-9. [2] High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy Linked to High Intake of Cod Liver Oil and Multi-Vitamins Fats of Life Newsletter June 2006. [3] Ziemlanski S et al, Effect of dietary fats on experimental hypertension.Ann Nutr Metab. 1985;29(4):223-31.